US · TN
◆Binding
Binds Tennessee Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations (TACIR) — study mandate only; imposes no compliance duties on AI operators. As enacted, SB 1700 does not impose chatbot safety requirements on operators. Senate amendments stripped the original companion-chatbot restrictions and replaced them with a directive for TACIR to study potential AI/chatbot regulation (federal law, other states' approaches, constitutional issues, minor/mental-health safeguards, economic impact); no report deadline is specified.
Effective 2026-05-22, the date carried in the "Effective date(s)" field of the Tennessee General Assembly bill-status record; Section 4 of Public Chapter 1082 reads "This act takes effect upon becoming a law, the public welfare requiring it" (publications.tnsosfiles.com/acts/114/pub/pc1082.pdf), so there is no deferred application. The same record lists the governor's signature action on 2026-05-27; the enrolled chapter's approval stamp is a handwritten scan and is not machine-readable, so the 05/22 effective date is taken from the legislature's own field rather than reconstructed from the signature. Bill was substantially amended (Senate amendments adopted 2026-04-14) before passage, removing the original chatbot-safety restrictions.
Stated maximum penalty — None — study mandate only; no compliance obligation imposed on AI operators
US · RI
◆Binding
Binds Any individual, corporation or entity offering therapy/psychotherapy services in Rhode Island, and RI-licensed mental health professionals using AI. R.I. Gen. Laws ch. 40.1-5.5. No individual, corporation or entity may provide, advertise or offer therapy/psychotherapy services to the public in RI — including via Internet-based AI — unless conducted by a licensed professional (§ 40.1-5.5-3(b)). Licensed professionals may use emotional-attachment/companion AI in recorded or transcribed sessions only with prior written informed consent (§ 40.1-5.5-3(a)), and may not let AI make independent therapeutic decisions, conduct therapeutic communication without an established relationship, or set treatment plans (§ 40.1-5.5-3(c)). Carve-outs: religious counseling, peer support, public self-help materials, and FDA-cleared AI tools.
Enacted as Substitute A (LC004589/SUB A/2); signed by Governor McKee June 22, 2026; effective upon passage. Verified against the enacted Sub A text 2026-08-10.
Stated maximum penalty — Confidentiality violations: penalties under R.I. Gen. Laws § 5-37.3-9; EOHHS investigative authority; RI licensing enforcement
US · IA
◆Binding
Binds Operators of conversational AI services serving Iowa consumers. Disclosure and safeguard obligations for conversational AI operators serving Iowa users; compliance applicable 2027-07-01.
Signed by the Governor 2 May 2026; effective 1 Jul 2026, applicability date 1 Jul 2027 (Iowa Legislature bill history for SF 2417).
Stated maximum penalty — Injunction, plus liability for the greater of actual damages or a civil penalty of $1,000 per violation up to $500,000 per operator (s. 554J.6(1)); enforced by the Iowa Attorney General, no private right of action (s. 554J.6(2), (4))
US · TN
◆Binding
Binds Any person creating or deploying AI systems available in Tennessee. Prohibits AI systems from claiming to function as qualified mental health professionals.
Stated maximum penalty — $5,000 per violation (Consumer Protection Act)
US · HI
◆Binding
Binds Operators of conversational AI services accessible in Hawaii. AI-identity disclosure, minor safeguards, and suicide-prevention protocols for conversational AI operators.
Act 248, approved 14 Jul 2026 (Gov. Msg. No. 1350); effective upon approval (Sec. 7). Annual crisis-intervention referral reports to the Behavioral Health Administration begin 2028-01-01.
Stated maximum penalty — The Act states no dollar amount. Its enforcement subsection (f) makes any violation an unfair or deceptive act or practice under HRS s. 480-2 and creates no private right of action; any civil penalty and the enforcement powers come from HRS chapter 480, not from this Act.
US · CO
◆Binding
Binds Regulated psychotherapy professionals in Colorado using AI; any entity misrepresenting AI as professional-equivalent. AI cannot deliver psychotherapy without licensed professional's real-time involvement; disclosure and written consent required.
Signed 3 Jun 2026 by Gov. Polis; enacted without a safety clause, so the general post-session effective date applies. IN FORCE since 12 Aug 2026 — the Colorado General Assembly bill record (leg.colorado.gov/bills/hb26-1195) lists the session law as Chapter 358 with Effective Date 08/12/2026, re-confirmed on the day of entry into force. No amendments or delays. Unaffected by the stipulated enforcement stay in X. AI LLC v. Weiser, which reaches only SB 24-205 and its in-session replacement SB 26-189; no injunction has issued in that case. AG holds exclusive enforcement; $20,000 per violation; 60-day cure period.
Stated maximum penalty — Unfair trade practice (CO Consumer Protection Act; AG enforcement); $20,000 per violation
US · CO
◆Binding
Binds Conversational AI operators serving Colorado users. Safety, disclosure, and minor protection obligations for conversational AI operators in Colorado.
Signed 2026-05-29; legal effective date 2026-08-12; compliance obligations from 2027-01-01. Implementing rules are in progress: the Colorado Department of Law filed proposed ADMT & Conversational AI Service rules (4 CCR 904-6) covering both this act and SB 26-189 with the Secretary of State on 11 Aug 2026, with comments open 11 Aug–26 Oct 2026 (4 Sep 2026 for comments feeding the revised draft) and a rulemaking hearing on 26 Oct 2026; the rules are slated to take effect 1 Jan 2027. This act is outside the X. AI LLC v. Weiser enforcement stay, which reaches only SB 24-205 and its in-session replacement SB 26-189.
Stated maximum penalty — CO AG enforcement
US · CT
◆Binding
Binds Operators who provide or operate an artificial intelligence companion for users in Connecticut, with heightened duties where the user is under 18. Operators of AI companions have until 1 Jan 2027 before disclosure, crisis-referral and minor-protection duties bite.
Public Act No. 26-15 ss 4-6, each expressly '(Effective January 1, 2027)'. s 5 sets baseline operator duties; s 6 adds under-18 duties, including a clear and conspicuous statement at the start of each interaction that the companion is not a licensed mental health professional, bars on romantic/erotic interaction with minors, bars on discouraging a minor from seeking mental health services or adult help, and bars on manipulative engagement-extension techniques. Violations of ss 5 and 6 are unfair or deceptive trade practices enforced solely by the Attorney General.
Stated maximum penalty — CT Attorney General — unfair or deceptive trade practice under Conn. Gen. Stat. s 42-110b(a)
US · OR
◆Binding
Binds AI companion and chatbot platform operators serving Oregon users. AI disclosure, self-harm protocols, and minor protections; first chatbot law with private right of action and per-violation statutory damages.
Stated maximum penalty — Greater of actual damages or $1,000 per violation; private right of action; attorney fees
US · RI
◆Binding
Binds Chatbot and companion AI operators serving Rhode Island users. AI companion operators must maintain protocols for user expressions of suicidal ideation/self-harm or physical harm to others, with immediate crisis-service referral; clear and conspicuous non-human disclosure at the start of each interaction and at least every 3 hours; annual reports to the RI Attorney General on safety-protocol activations beginning July 1, 2027. AG-only enforcement with civil penalties up to $15,000 per day.
Enacted as S 2195 Sub A as amended (2026-S 2195Aaa / H 7350Aaa); signed into law per RI Legislative Press Bureau release of 2026-06-23; codified as R.I. Gen. Laws Chapter 6-63; effective 2027-01-01. Correction 2026-09-27: the 2026-09-25 correction relied on the introduced text (S2195.pdf). The enacted Sub A aa text restores the annual AG-reporting duty (Sec. 6-63-2(b), beginning July 1, 2027), removes the private right of action and financial-harm protocol, and provides AG-only enforcement with civil penalties up to $15,000 per day (Sec. 6-63-4).
Stated maximum penalty — Civil penalties up to $15,000 per day (RI AG enforcement; fines directed to suicide prevention programs)
US · WA
◆Binding
Binds AI companion chatbot operators serving Washington users. Non-human disclosure, minor safeguards, and self-harm protocols for AI companion chatbot operators.
Disclosures every 3 hours (all users) or 1 hour (minor users).
Stated maximum penalty — Actual damages + injunctive relief + attorney fees; WA AG (Consumer Protection Act)
US · GA
◆Binding
Binds Operators of conversational AI chatbot services accessible to the Georgia public. Age verification, parental controls, AI-identity disclosure, and crisis protocols for conversational AI chatbot operators.
Stated maximum penalty — Up to $10,000 per knowing violation (GA AG enforcement)
US · ID
◆Binding
Binds Consumer-facing conversational AI service operators serving Idaho users (excludes B2B, internal, customer-service bots). AI identity disclosure, crisis referral protocols, and minor safeguards for consumer-facing conversational AI operators.
Modeled on Nebraska LB 525. Signed 2026-03-31 (Idaho Legislature bill-status page; corrected from a prior 2026-04-01 note).
Stated maximum penalty — Idaho AG enforcement (amount TBD)
US · NE
◆Binding
Binds Conversational AI service operators serving Nebraska users. Operators of consumer-facing conversational AI services must disclose AI nature, apply enhanced safeguards for minors, avoid claiming to provide professional mental health care, and provide crisis intervention referrals.
Signed April 14, 2026 (legislature's bill history); sections 12–18 (the Conversational Artificial Intelligence Safety Act) become operative July 1, 2027 under s. 19 of the enrolled act, the other sections on their effective date.
Stated maximum penalty — Civil penalties of at least $1,000 per violation, capped at $500,000 per operator (s. 18(2)(b)(iii)); the Attorney General may also seek equitable relief, actual damages and costs; no private right of action (s. 18(3))